1. Power generation via incineration

Household waste incineration refers to the process of incinerating household waste as solid fuel in incinerators at a temperature higher than 850℃. The combustible substances in waste react violently with oxygen in the air, releasing heat, and then, the waste is converted into high-temperature combustion gas and stable solid residues. The combustion gas can be recycled in the form of thermal energy while the stable solid residues are landfilled directly. After incineration, bacteria and viruses in the waste are completely removed, and ammonia and organic waste gas with bad odor is decomposed by high temperature while the emission of pollutants is effectively controlled by the exhaust gas purification devices.

2. Biochemical treatment

Biochemical treatment refers to the process of utilizing microorganisms such as bacteria, yeasts, fungi and actinomycetes to degrade (digest) the organic substances in waste via biochemical reactions, and then using the treated waste as fertilizer to improve soil or produce biogas for further utilization.

3. Sanitary landfill

Sanitary landfill treatment is not a simple process of piling, filling and burying, but a comprehensive engineering approach to effectively manage solid waste in accordance with the engineering theories and civil engineering standards. The landfill process requires clay layers each with a certain thickness or high-density polyethylene (HDPE) liners at the bottom of landfill sites. A comprehensive set of environmental protection measures, including surface runoff control, leachate collection and treatment, biogas collection and treatment, testing, and design of appropriate final covers, among others.

(Source: Beijing Municipal Commission of Urban Management)